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  <xs:element id="naut_ScheduleOfCommonStockReservedForFutureIssuanceTableTextBlock" abstract="false" name="ScheduleOfCommonStockReservedForFutureIssuanceTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_LesseeOperatingLeaseOptionToTerminateLeaseTerm" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseOptionToTerminateLeaseTerm" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsSharePrice" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsSharePrice" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_FurnitureFixturesAndOfficeEquipmentMember" abstract="true" name="FurnitureFixturesAndOfficeEquipmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_December2022ToOctober2031Member" abstract="true" name="December2022ToOctober2031Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_AccruedResearchAndDevelopment" abstract="false" name="AccruedResearchAndDevelopment" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_LongTermInvestmentsMember" abstract="true" name="LongTermInvestmentsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_EmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember" abstract="true" name="EmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_LaboratoryEquipmentMember" abstract="true" name="LaboratoryEquipmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_ProceedsFromSaleOfStockAndReverseRecapitalizationTransaction" abstract="false" name="ProceedsFromSaleOfStockAndReverseRecapitalizationTransaction" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_A2021EmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember" abstract="true" name="A2021EmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_SanDiegoMember" abstract="true" name="SanDiegoMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardIncreaseInNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardIncreaseInNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="naut_A2021EquityIncentivePlanMember" abstract="true" name="A2021EquityIncentivePlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
